Monday 6 April 2020

Three ways of success to work from home

Suggest three ways of success to work from home : 
Work from home is a work experience program where the intern gains experience while working in a remote professional setting and is not physically present at the job location. It is also called Virtual internship.
Virtual interns communicate with their employer online through various means including email, Skype, Whatsapp, instant messaging, phone conversations, webinars, project management tools, SMS (text) messaging, etc.
Virtual internships are undertaken by both students and graduates. The most common virtual internships are in the following areas: Information technology, Software development, Digital Marketing, Social Media, Research, Writing, Journalism, Media, Pre and post event planning, Video creation and editing, Human Resources, Graphic Design, Search Engine Optimization and Marketing.
Whether completed during the summer between semesters or taken concurrently with courses, internships are an outstanding means of gaining real-world experience in a professional setting. Internships, which frequently offer pay, college credit, or both, provide students with the chance to temporarily hold a job that directly relates to their field, an invaluable learning opportunity.
Three ways to improve success rate of home internship are :
1. According to me, when we work from home we are relieved from any stress of employer's scold and can work at serene and can provide our best efforts. For a business work should be effective and efficient and the employer can get the same.
2. Whenever we try to understand business activities the primary motive is to reduce the costs and by virtual internship, an employer can get his work done by not wasting his limited resources like to provide air conditioning room for interns, to provide them snacks etc.

3. Virtual internship reduces the exhaustion of interns and can help interns to sit comfortably at home and with flexible work hours.


What is airline pilot training for civil aviation?
Who is an airline pilot?
An airline pilot or aviator is a person who controls the flight of an airline by operating its directional flight control. Some other aircrew members such as navigators or flight engineers, are also considered aviators, because they are involved in operating the airline's navigation and engine systems. Other aircrew members, such as flight attendants, mechanics and ground crew, are not classified as aviators.
In recognition of the pilots' qualifications and responsibilities, most militaries and many airlines worldwide award aviator badges to their pilots.
What is civil Aviation ?
Civil aviation is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military aviation, both private and commercial.
Airline Pilot Training comprises of two parts. Ground Training and Flying Training.
Airline training is a course of study used when learning to pilot an airline. The overall purpose of primary and intermediate flight training is the acquisition and honing of basic airmanship skills.
Flight training can be conducted under a structured accredited syllabus with a crew instructor at a flight school or as private lessons with no syllabus with a flight instructor as long as all experience requirements for the desired pilot certificate/license are met.
Typically Airline pilot training consists of a combination of two parts:
1. Flying Training:
Flight Lessons given in the aircraft or in a certified airline training device.
2. Ground training:
Ground School primarily given as a classroom lecture or lesson by a flight instructor where aeronautical theory is learnt in preparation for the student's written, oral, and flight pilot certification/licensing examination.
A Commercial Pilot is the one who has a Commercial Pilot certificate that is issued by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). This is gained by completing all required training.
A Pilot’s license or pilot's certificate, in simple terms, allows a person to be able to pilot an aircraft just as a driver’s license allows a person to drive a vehicle under particular rules and regulations depending on the category. The FAA is the governing institution that formulates and implements all aviation rules and regulations for all pilots and other aviation careers and industries.
Several main classifications for FAA pilot licenses, certificates and ratings are :
1. Private Pilot license (PPL) : The PPL training course is offered to the individual who wants to become a Licensed Pilot in preparation for an advanced training program for business transportation or wants to experience the unlimited freedom and the fun of flying. This course offers flight training right from abi nitio level to Private Pilot’s License. The 3 to 4 months of course, provides you 40 hours of flying time. On Completion of this training, a person becomes Pilot to fly an aircraft carrying passengers or cargo but not for hire, reward or remuneration.
2. Instrument Rating (IR) : Instrument Rating is an additional qualification that a pilot must get in order to fly an aircraft under Instrument Flight Rules. Possessing this qualification enables a pilot to legally and safely pilot a properly equipped aircraft solely by reference to flight instruments.
3. Commercial Pilot (CPL) : This course offers 200 hours of flying training this 08-10 months course offers dual/solo, general flying, circuit & landing sorties. Instruments and cross country flights, skill tests, route checks and night piloting rating as per DGCA requirement.
A Commercial Pilot License holder can act as a Pilot in Command of any aircraft entered on their license. This license issued is valid internationally. They can be employed as pilot in Government and civil airlines or in private companies, flying clubs and has a wide variety of career opportunities.
4. Airline Transport Pilot (ATPL) : Highest level of aircraft pilot certificate. ATPL (or ATP) allows an individual to operate as Pilot-in-Command (Captain) of an aircraft that is engaged in commercial air transportation.
5. Multi-Engine Rating (ME) : A Multi-Engine rating is just a certificate that allows pilots to operate an aircraft with more than one engine. It is an add-on to an already existing commercial, private, or ATP (Airline Transport Pilot) license or certificate. 
ME are exciting because they allow pilots to have a different experience in the air. Aircraft performance is highly improved, as well as an increase in speed, power, and climbing rate.
6. Commercial Helicopter pilot license : To get a Commercial Helicopter Pilot License, one needs to have 60 hours of flight training and has to appear for a written exam. The commercial helicopter pilot license opens up totally new horizons and allows one to perform helicopter flights for remuneration or hire. This license affirms that its owner is proficient in helicopter operation, knows the law, and can ensure the safety of his passengers in the vast majority of situations.
7.Student pilot license (SPL) : SPL is a prerequisite for flying and for obtaining Private Pilot’s License and Commercial Pilot License. No flight experience is required to obtain SPL. The candidate must be at least 16 years old at the time of issue of student Pilot’s License with a minimum qualification of 10th standard.

Future of Aviation Industry :
The Aviation and hospitality industries are amongst the most vulnerable to get a bolt from the blue, it may be global or local, and such bolts will continue to hit the sector in every decade.
That means the aviation industry needs contingencies, cash reserves, hedging of major risks such as oil prices or new viral pandemics. But most of all it means agile and bold leadership who will think in long term, with more than one strategy depending on how events unfold.
Airline manufacturers and airlines themselves will continue to exploit significant energy savings over the next 20 years from a wide range of changing technologies, including better airline engine design, lighter composite fuselage, more direct aircraft routing.  Efficiencies will also be gained from fuller planes, faster turnaround, economies of scale ( consolidation of smaller airlines ).
Passengers will segment further into budget (bus quality), premium budget (especially older travelers and business market), traditional economy, right up to premier business class in the largest long haul routes.  
Despite energy price rise, our world’s population continues to fly, and will sacrifice other spending to do so, cushioning the adjustment for the airline industry.
Burning food in biofuel for plane engines will become very controversial :
As it connects energy and food prices, with potentially catastrophic consequences for the poorest citizens of the world.
Expect all kinds of social media / protest groups to campaign against air travel, with "Flight Shame" and related campaigns.
Most planes will continue to burn carbon-based fuel for decades to come : because the average life expectancy of a new plane today is at least 30 years.
Issues in Aviation, Airlines, Travel and Tourism: the primary focus of every travel company must be the customer – experience, convenience, quality and perceived value for money.
Strategy for Aviation and Airlines:
Be flexible, with many contingencies and alternative strategies in place so that when sudden events happen (the aviation world can change globally in less than an hour), management should be well-prepared.
Greatest risk for Aviation and Airlines: complacency, assuming that life will return to normal after the “storm” has passed. 
Greatest opportunity for Aviation and Airlines: to offer wonderful experience in an imaginative but very efficient way.  It’s all to do with attitude.
Future Of Airline : Sustainable Flying ?
We know how catastrophic has become climate change. Aviation is causing 3.5% of global CO2 emissions, but that does not allow for the impact of vapour trails which also cause warming. This cause of global emissions will jump to more than 15% by 2050 unless action is taken. Emissions from flying doubled from 1990 to 2004, and aviation is now the fastest growing cause of global warming.   
UK air passengers kicked to 176 from 4 million a year from 1954 to 2018. 5% of EU emissions are from planes, increasing by 1-2% every 12 months.  
Planes affect the earth in several ways:  satellites show that clouds from a single jet can reduce sunshine over an area of 20,000 square miles at a time.  Soot and water vapour from aviation triggers more cloud formation, and on busy flight paths, sunlight can be cut by 10% - globally around 1%.   Clouds reflect light back into space but also insulate the earth and the net effect is warming – equal perhaps to an additional 1.5% of global CO2 emissions.
Flying can use less energy than driving if the plane is at least 80% full, journeys are longer than 400 miles, and the average number of people in the car are 1.4 or less.  It depends on the plane design, car engine and other factors.  
We also need to add an amount for aviation industry energy use in building and maintaining airport runways and passenger terminals, compared to motorways and urban roads.
Increasing Fuel Efficiency
The aviation industry is under intense pressure to reduce carbon use, mainly because up to 40% of their costs is buying fuel, even though aviation fuel is untaxed. Flying has a huge (unfair) tax advantage over road travel in countries like the UK where more than 80% of petrol prices can be tax.  This is completely unsustainable and directly encourages people to fly rather than drive. Expect aviation charges of some kind in any new global agreements on carbon use.
Expect airline efficiency to improve every year by 1.5% across the industry until 2028, and carbon-neutral growth after that.  New planes are 70% more efficient than 40 years ago and 20% better than 10 years ago.   Expect further 25% energy saving by 2030 for new planes – less than 3 litres of fuel per passenger per 100km flown, which is less than a small car in 2010.  
One challenge in improving efficiency of planes is the very long service life of aircraft.  Many planes flying today are already 30 years old, and most new planes sold in 2020 will still be flying in 2050.  Airbus expects to deliver 25,000 new aircraft worth $3.1 trillion over the next 20 years – but this will still only be a small fraction of the global total.  Planes sold from 2020-30 may only contribute 1% of aircraft miles flown by 2030 .
Replacing old planes is certainly an effective strategy for an individual airline. Alaska Airlines saved 18% of fuel by replacing MD-80 planes with 737-800s.  But what happens to the old planes?  Aviation history shows they usually land up being sold to less wealthy airlines in emerging nations – so continuing their inefficient working lives.  So what can be done about these older planes?  Fuel use in aviation can easily be reduced by adding pointed wing tips to improve air flow, saving from 7% in Learjets to 3.5% in Jumbos (Boeing 747s).  Some can also be fitted with better engines.
Expect fuel economy also to be improved by:
• Fuller plane occupancy : almost all weight in a large plane is the plane itself plus fuel, so the cost of extra passengers is marginal.  An empty 747-400 weighs around 340,000 pounds, or 800,000 when fully loaded on take-off  – but only 250,000 of those extra pounds is actual passengers or cargo. Almost all the rest is aviation fuel.  
• Better air traffic control, including more direct air routes which can reduce aviation emissions by up to 18% on short-haul flights, especially into congested airports like Heathrow.  UK air traffic control is aiming for a 10% cut in CO2 per flight by 2020 with better aircraft routing. Europe and the US are upgrading their entire air traffic systems to save energy.
• Flying more slowly : best with larger, narrow aircraft wings.  Every aircraft design is a compromise, with wings optimised for the speed that the aircraft is expected to fly at, most of the time.
• Steeper landing paths : the more time the plane spends at higher altitudes, where air is thinner, the less air resistance and less aviation fuel used.  
• Increased use of turboprop aircraft for shorter distances (better fuel use, partly as planes optimised to spend more time flying at slower speed).
• Reduction in plane vapour trails : Detection, dynamic avoidance (altitude corrections), lower altitude long- and short- haul flights.   That means new in-flight technologies, new traffic control systems, but lower altitude can also increase fuel use, so fine adjustments are best.
Flying On Biofuels : Added Pressure On Food Prices?
Biofuels were approved for commercial airlines in 2011.  Converting jet engines to use pure biofuel is costly unless they are a perfect match for kerosene aviation fuel.  And there will be pressure to make sure that planes are not burning food, forcing up food prices. If planes start using a limited supply of biofuels, it will mean less is available to burn in cars and trucks so there will be no “green” advantage.
Aircraft are the only form of transport apart from ships which will have to go on using carbon-based fuels for the next 30- 40 years.  Batteries are too heavy for commercial aircraft, solar cells still too feeble for anything serious, and fuels like hydrogen are too bulky and provide too little energy to be useful in planes.
Planes are like ships in one respect :  they cannot refuel during their journeys, which are often many thousands of miles. Therefore they are very dependent on being able to store the maximum amount of energy in a small space.

How to promote commercial pilot program through social media :
For Commercial Pilot Program, we can use LinkedIn as it is a professional media through which we can produce top notch aviation professionals. This program will help students be future-ready for a career in aviation.
Social media like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, Pinterest, google+ can be used to be available everywhere so that our customers can trust us.
For long term planning we can make our website. We will create relevant, good, clear, eye catchy content.
We can recruit our pilots through special events, face to face meet ups.
Advertising :
We can use social engine optimization ( SEO)and social angine marketing ( SEM). We will try to focus on SEO as it is free and we can built the trust of customers when they will go to search engine and our organic result appears.
As we know most of the people around the globe use mobile phones so We can use Display campaign, Social media campaign, Video for mobile, Email marketing, Content marketing, display advertising.
We can use Advertising to target particular group, geographical location, age group etc with the use of Google Analytics tool.
Analytics :
We will try to use free analytics available online to search for keyword and will check weekly why people are not applying? or is our website mobile friendly? or what contingencies are happening in world and try to adapt all these changes.
We will try to Avoid these social media pitfalls :
1. We will Focus on providing good experience and keeping our niches attention.
2. We will neither post once in 3 month nor we will post too many with thin followers.
3. We will let our followers know what is new and what is following and how we do things. 4. We will be understanding, consistent, considerate.
5. We will give what customers want.
6. We will spread ourself too thin.
7. We will measure our results through various free analytics.
Management tool :
We can use social media management tools to manage our social media handles I. E. When to post? Where to post? How much to post? 

Most Popular Free Classified Sites in India :
1. Sulekha
Sulekha.com gets more than 200 million visitors every year. Over 20 million people buy products online or services through this Indian website. More than three million businesses feature on Sulkeha.com offering over 1,000 products and services.
You can advertise for free on Sulekha.com as an individual. They also have paid service for businesses keen on getting more customers.
Website: http://mycity.sulekha.com
2. OLX
You can post free classified ads on OLX.com in various categories.
OLX.com is one of the brands of the eponymous business group from the Netherlands. OLX.com is one of the best-classified sites in India for pre-owned automobiles and mobile phones.
During the financial year 2017-2018, OLX India revenues stood at whopping Rs.1.79 billion, marking a 94 percent increase over 2016-2017OLX.com holds over 70 percent of used car market of India where people make money with the cars
Website: https://www.olx.in
Quikr.com ranks third on our list of 28 most popular classified websites in India. The company recorded revenues in excess of 1.73 billion in 2017-2018.  This figure indicates an increase of about 95 percent over the previous year.
This website also allows users to post free classifieds ads in various categories.
This website attracts 30 million unique users every month. Cars, bikes, and jobs rank as its core business in the classifieds ads sector. Over 45 percent of Quikr.com revenue comes from classified ads. The remaining 55 percent comes from transactions. Over the years, Quikr.com is acquiring several prestigious and major businesses in India.
The company is valued over US$16 billion. Quikr.com is adding various services to its websites to increase revenue sources. You can use Quikr.com to free ads posting.
Website: https://www.quikr.com
If you want to advertise a product or service in India for foreign clients or Indians living abroad, Expat.com is your best choice. Expat.com provides services in more than 500 cities in 197 countries. It has nearly 2.5 million active users worldwide.
You can view and post free classified ads at Expat.com in categories including accommodation, goods, and jobs.
This is a very popular website for several reasons. Expat.com also carries in-depth details of various locations and countries. These are of particular relevance to people that will come to India for study, work or as tourists.
Website: https://www.expat.com
5. Locanto
Do you know Locanto comes from Yalwa, a Germany-based IT solutions provider. Locanto.net is one of the most popular classified websites in India. It also operates in over 70 countries across.
This website offers two types of classifieds services in India: free and premium.
You can post free classifieds on Locanto.net under various categories, including accommodation, automobiles, real estate and pre-owned stuff for sale. It is also possible to boost traffic to your classified ad by subscribing to premium membership.
Locanto.net offers a premium account for as low as Rs.99 per month. Hence, this is an ideal classified site in India to use if you are into businesses like real estate, services of various kinds or deal in used vehicles, among others.
 Website: https://www.expat.com
Clickindia.com ranks among top 10 free classified websites of India for a reason. You can also post a free classified ad in Hindi. Posting in English and Hindi enables you to reach more customers.
Further, this popular classified site in India offers two types of membership. One is for individuals. The other is for businesses.
A mobile-friendly website and Smartphone app are available from Clickindia.com. This means you can post a free classified even while on the move.
Similar to other websites, you have to create a free account on Clickindia.com before posting any ads.
Website: https://hindi.clickindia.com
Vivastreet.co.in is part of an international free classifieds network. It operates in 20 countries, including India. Vivastreet allows you to post free classified ads in India or for foreign countries if you are looking for international buyers for a product or service.
This may come as a surprise. Vivastreet.co.in also runs a free dating service. Unfortunately, some ads in this category posted by Indian users are extremely vulgar.
Further, there are no guarantees that profiles and ads posted in the dating section are genuine. Hence, you risk falling prey to scammers and blackmailers.
However, Vivastreet.co.in also has an excellent service that allows you to adopt pets. There are several listings about cats, dogs, and birds that can be adopted if you need a pet.
Website: https://www.vivastreet.co.in/

Afreen Yusuf  MBA

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8. Craigslist India
Undoubtedly, Craigslist is the largest, free classified website in the world. Now, Craigslist is available for users in India for posting and viewing free classifieds. In India, you can post free classifieds in more than 100 sections and categories of Craigslist.
Craigslist is fast gaining ground in India, despite being a newer entrant in the country’s classifieds market. The website also has an online community where you can discuss on various topics. This service is also free.
In line with international standards and good practices, Craigslist has a link that teaches how to identify scams, frauds and fake buyers when buying or selling something on Craigslist.
Website: https://geo.craigslist.org/iso/in

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